), Polyphenolics (anthraquinone, proanthocyanidins and other tannins. (B) Time course of absorption of [3H]L-glucose, and [14C]D-glucose and 3OMD-glucose. The digestive system of a pig is well suited for complete concentrate based rations that are typically fed. The pinocytotic uptake capacity declines at weaning, although molecular details of this have not been elucidated. Many of the nutrient transporters are orthologous across different animal phyla, though functional details may vary (e.g., glucose and amino acid transport with K+ rather than Na+ as a counter ion). In: Halter F, Winton D, Wright NA, editors. Fructose is transported principally via the facilitative transporter GLUT5 (126). Ledon-Rettig CC, Pfennig DW, Nascone-Yoder N. Ancestral variation and the potential for genetic accommodation in larval amphibians: Implications for the evolution of novel feeding strategies. The gut models derived from chemical reactor theory and applied to both invertebrates and vertebrates have been useful research tools that delineate the important digestive features, show the direction and strength of their interactions, and help achieve the desired integration by relating the features and their interactions to whole-animal feeding rate and extraction efficiency. In studies using radiolabeled L-glucose and L-arabinose, their uptake by intestine in vitro was not significantly inhibited by high concentrations (50100 mmol/L) of unlabeled L-glucose, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, or D-glucose (280), which makes it unlikely that their absorption is carrier mediated. Karasov WH. German DP, Horn MH, Gawlicka A. Digestive enzyme activities in herbivorous and carnivorous prickleback fishes (teleostei: Stichaeidae): Ontogenetic, dietary, and phylogenetic effects. Adult rats exhibit diurnal variation in expression of sugar transporters in the intestine, with induction of GLUT2 (glucose transporter), GLUT5 (fructose transporter), and Pept-1 expression 3 to 4 h before the onset of peak feeding by the animal (100, 371, 402). Considerations of evolutionary economic design suggest that enzymatic and absorptive capacities should be modestly in excess of their corresponding loads (enough but not too much) (117, 118). A second feature that strengthens the analysis is a larger number of species measured by uniform methodology and subjected to phylogenetically informed statistical analyses. Yang Y, Joern A. Physiological Ecology: How Animals Process Energy, Nutrients, and Toxins. Your Digestive System & How it Works - NIDDK In: Boyd CAR, Noble D, editors. Some regulation of glucose transport activity by posttranscriptional mechanisms is suggested by the fact that transport did not change significantly during the week posthatch (348, 446, 452) whereas SGLT1 mRNA significantly increased (405). Secondary metabolites (SMs) are compounds produced and/or sequestered by plants and animals that do not appear to play a major role in their primary nutritional or regulatory metabolism.
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