3 Regent Arran resisted the move, but backed down when Beaton's armed supporters gathered at Linlithgow. [111] The cause of her illness is unknown. [78] Elizabeth attempted to neutralise Mary by suggesting that she marry English Protestant Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester. Vivacious, beautiful, and clever (according to contemporary accounts), Mary had a promising childhood. Meilan Solly is Smithsonian magazine's associate digital editor, history. Her Marys returned with her as ladies-in-waiting. Who were the husbands of Mary Queen of Scots? Bothwells noble friends had previously pressed her to marry him and he, too, had told her she needed a strong husband who could help unify the nobles behind her. [142], On 2 May 1568, Mary escaped from Loch Leven Castle with the aid of George Douglas, brother of Sir William Douglas, the castle's owner. Catholics considered the marriage unlawful, since they did not recognise Bothwell's divorce or the validity of the Protestant service. If you use any of the content on this page in your own work, please use the code below to cite this page as the source of the content. BBC - Scotland's History - Mary Queen of Scots To avoid the bloodshed of battle, she turned herself over and the rebels took her to Edinburgh while Bothwell struggled to rally troops of his own. [214], She was convicted on 25 October and sentenced to death with only one commissioner, Lord Zouche, expressing any form of dissent. Margaret was Henry VIII's older sister so Mary was Henry VIII's great-niece. France recognised Elizabeth's right to rule England, but the seventeen-year-old Mary, still in France and grieving for her mother, refused to ratify the treaty. Under the Third Succession Act, passed in 1543 by the Parliament of England, Elizabeth was recognised as her sister's heir, and Henry VIII's last will and testament had excluded the Stuarts from succeeding to the English throne. Telling the queen that he had kidnapped her for her own safety, Mary was either raped by Bothwell or agreed to consummate her relationship with him (accounts vary) and on 15 May the pair were married at Holyrood Palace. [206] In a successful attempt to entrap her, Walsingham had deliberately arranged for Mary's letters to be smuggled out of Chartley.
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